human immortalized hepatocytes thle 2  (ATCC)

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Intralipid on the metabolic activity of THLE-2 cells after 24 h of incubation. Cells were treated with a range of concentrations of LPS ( A ) or Intralipid ( B ), and metabolic activity was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results are expressed as a percentage relative to untreated control cells (set as 100%). Data are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Incubation, MTT Assay, Control

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of LPS (0.1 µg/mL), Intralipid (INT, 10 mg/mL), or their combination (IFALD model) on signaling pathways in THLE-2 cells after 24 h of exposure. Total and phosphorylated levels of p38, extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and protein kinase B (Akt) were quantified based on fluorescence intensity using the MAGPIX system. Data are expressed as fold change relative to untreated controls (mean ± SEM, n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using Dunnett’s test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 vs. control. The horizontal dotted line indicates the control levels.

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of LPS (0.1 µg/mL), Intralipid (INT, 10 mg/mL), or their combination (IFALD model) on signaling pathways in THLE-2 cells after 24 h of exposure. Total and phosphorylated levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and 5 (STAT3 and STAT5), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) were quantified based on fluorescence intensity using the MAGPIX system. Data are expressed as fold change relative to untreated controls (mean ± SEM, n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using Dunnett’s test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 vs. control. The horizontal dotted line indicates the control levels.

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Binding Assay, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of lutein on THLE-2 cell metabolic activity after 24 h of exposure. Cell metabolic activity was assessed using the MTT assay across a range of lutein concentrations (1–100 µM) and expressed as a percentage relative to untreated control cells. Data are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, MTT Assay, Control

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of lutein on cellular signaling components in the in vitro IFALD model. THLE-2 cells were treated with LPS (0.1 µg/mL) and Intralipid (10 mg/mL) to mimic IFALD-like conditions and co-treated with lutein (LUT) at concentrations of 10 or 25 µM for 24 h. Total and phosphorylated levels of p38, ERK1/2, JNK, NF-κB, Akt, and STAT5 were quantified based on mean fluorescence intensity using the MAGPIX System. Data are expressed as fold change relative to untreated control cells (mean ± SEM, n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using Dunnett’s test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 vs. control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and ### p < 0.001 vs. IFALD.

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: In Vitro, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of lutein on cellular signaling components in the in vitro IFALD model. THLE-2 cells were treated with LPS (0.1 µg/mL) and Intralipid (10 mg/mL) to mimic IFALD-like conditions and co-treated with lutein (LUT) at concentrations of 10 or 25 µM for 24 h. ( A ) Total and phosphorylated levels of STAT3, CREB, and p70S6K, quantified based on mean fluorescence intensity using the MAGPIX System. ( B ) mRNA expression levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 ( SREBF2 ), ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 ( ABCA1 ), AMP-activated protein kinase α2 ( PRKAA2 ), cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase ( CYP7A1 ), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase ( HMGCR ), determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Data are expressed as fold change relative to untreated control cells (mean ± SEM, n = 3). Statistical significance was determined using Dunnett’s test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001 vs. control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and #### p < 0.0001 vs. IFALD.

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: In Vitro, Fluorescence, Expressing, Binding Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proposed mechanism of action of lutein in THLE-2 hepatocytes exposed to IFALD-related triggers—LPS and omega-6-rich Intralipid. AA, arachidonic acid; TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4; IRS1, insulin receptor substrate 1; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; IL-6, interleukin-6; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; FAs, fatty acids.

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Lutein Modulates Stress-Responsive Signaling Pathways in THLE-2 Human Hepatocytes Under Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease Conditions

doi: 10.3390/molecules31091413

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of free lutein, AlbLuteN, and blank albumin nanosuspension on the metabolic activity of THLE-2 human hepatocytes after 48 h of exposure, assessed by the MTT assay. Free lutein and AlbLuteN were tested at equivalent lutein concentrations (1–100 µM), while the blank nanosuspension was applied at carrier concentrations matching those in AlbLuteN. Cell metabolic activity is expressed as a percentage of the untreated control. Data are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: Human immortalized hepatocytes THLE-2 (ATCC CRL-2706) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, MTT Assay, Control